The River Avon from the highest Tower |
This mound eventually became the Castle of Warwick lived in and defended by the Earl's of Warwick and the Lords of Brooke. The property changed families every three or so generations because of childless marriages, treachery and misty battle fields. The de Beauchamp family ruled the roost for nearly 150yrs and completed most of the stone defenses and buildings. The last survivor of this family was Anne. When she was 8 yrs old she was betrothed to Richard Neville, who was 6. Marriages that would be frowned upon today, combined families into dynasties. This union resulted in an Earldom that controlled 5 major Castles around England and Wales and a clutch of minor ones.
The Kingmaker stirring his men to battle as they prepare to leave Warwick Castle for the Battle of Barnet. |
A Fletcher making arrows |
A Castle guard with his friend Mr Spikey |
Spectacles of the era - perhaps these coloured ones where used to decipher secret codes |
Metal was very pricey so canon balls were often cut from stone |
The Earl's Treasurer - may be lining his own silky pockets! |
In the days where Castles meant contracts to procure wealth rather than hopes of happily-ever-after, Neville lived a sly life of playing off the Lancaster and Yorkist contenders for the throne. He was named Kingmaker because of the resources he controlled. Whoever he backed would have a better chance of annihilating the other, ensuring that their bid to hold the throne was successful. Neville had no claims to the throne but wanted to control someone who did. He won the first battle at St Albans for the Yorks and was rewarded with control over England's standing army and it's navy. He swapped allegiance as suited his ambitions to see one of his daughters on the throne but eventually became a victim of the rumours of treachery that he had traded in. He left Warwick Castle for the last time with his army and headed for Barnet where, on Easter Sunday 1471, after a bloody morning and 3000 dead, he was stripped naked, killed and his 43yr old body displayed for two days in London to stop the cycle of intrigue. His castles were claimed by the Crown and he was buried in his maternal mausoleum at Bisham Abbey.
Knowing that the dungeon was full of tortuous instruments for tearing, cutting, scraping, piercing, stretching, gouging, hooking, severing, wrenching and plucking I'm not sure that I really wanted to be part of an interactive dungeon reenactment to be honest. (We missed seeing it because I had misunderstood the booking process - we had to go book a time once there not just pay.) This level of fear in any autocratic society will produce dishonesty and disloyalty. I don't understand the logic of men who claimed to be appointed by God to rule then don't respect or protect the freedom of choice gifted to each individual.
A suit of armour cost over a million dollars in today's money - this knight is displayed in the great Hall His wife has been left in the Still room. |
Left - the largest trebuchet in the world today - it wasn't firing the day we were there. |
Windows in Cardiff Castle - http://news.stlpublicradio.org/post/reflection-what-allure-richard-iii |
http://globetoglobe.shakespearesglobe.com/ |
A bird show introduced us to a young Russian. Bruce the sea eagle has relatives who will knock goats off cliffs to change his fishy diet. |
Francis Grenville was a statesman who advised James I, he was also a poet and when it came time to retire from Court the King granted him Warwick Castle and it's land. The Rich family owned the title but when it's last heir died childless, James I granted the title to his friend in the Castle. The land and the title were now together for the first time in over 100 yrs. Poor Lord Warwick left his will lying around and a life long retainer discovered that all he could expect upon the Earl's death was £20. It a fit of rage he stabbed his master, who with the expenses of a broken down, 1/2 ruined castle had probably been very generous. Luckily for the Earl he survived the attack. Unluckily for the Earl this was before the understanding of micro biology and his physicians smeared the wounds with rancid pig fat thus killing him by poisoning his blood. He died in agony several weeks later. Luckily for the Earl he already had family and they continue to hold the title today - although not the property.
A young Daisy |
http://www.eastonlodge.co.uk/content/%E2%80%98daisy%E2%80%99-years-1865-1938
G eavesdropping on a 23yr old Winston showing off about his publishing achievements and dashing deeds in India. |
I do wonder what the use of a title is if it does not signify wealth and resources. In bygone days when these titles represented 'honour' the strongest wrestled them from the unsuccessful and weak. Most titles and properties in England seemed to have been separated by death duties and taxes - social engineering designed to spread the wealth. Perhaps in these right wing days the titles should be redistributed to the .com billionaires and new property barons? Surely within the 'Square Mile' a rouge as dashing as Richard Neville could be found. The Sir and Dame titles of today are awarded to recognise significant contributions to our society in our battle against boredom, inequality and mortality. Have a look at the right wing Australian Government's claw back into the system here- http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-opinion/tony-abbotts-bunyip-aristocracy-arise-lord-clive-and-lady-gina-20140325-35g7i.html I agree that Sir Cosgrove and Dame Blake have served Australia extraordinarily well and deserve Castles a plenty but it's another spoke in the Republican movement at the same time that NZ is announcing a referendum for a new flag!
It is easy to see how the ideals of communism lead academics across the world down the red path. Poverty on the front step of decadence really isn't decent. Many people with strong beliefs in 'we are all created equal' have done what they can to redress the balance between the haves and the have nots. Charities line the streets of Cambridge and possibly the biggest social influences of group endeavour are now the big charities. Football colours on Saturdays and on Sunday those of your charity of choice - pink for breast, white for prostate, green for the environment etc. Of course Churches and charities are not mutually exclusive.
This industrial town had more than it's fair share of poverty among the working classes and the Cadbury sons had a vision of a worker's utopia. They built homes for their workers on the factory land, forming the village Bourneville. They built cricket grounds, football fields and an indoor swimming pool to keep their 'family' fit and strong. Most children left school and started work between 12 - 14 so 'adult' education was introduced to increase the literacy and numeracy levels of their work force. They introduced the time card system to ensure fair payment for hours worked could be tracked. They gave their workforce 1/2 of Saturday free as well as all day Sunday. George's wife Elizabeth had worked with the poor in the East end of London and was one of the first to voice the idea that it was the squalor and cramped , unhealthy living conditions that bought about the loose morals of a great proportion of the country's population. This was in contrast to the long held idea that the poor were that way because they had low morals and low intelligence.
Dame Cadbury would call on all new residents personally and hand out a health guide sheet. Three pieces of advice were to always leave the table with an appetite, never eat between the three meals a day and don't eat flesh more than once a day. As excellent as this advice is it seems a strange dictate considering 1. These people had probably always been forced to leave the table with an appetite because there wasn't enough food and 2. her descendants go on to be part of the super sugar snack dollar chasing that has resulted in a 1st world obesity epidemic(not sure how you 'catch' obesity for it to be an epidemic). Currently under discussion in the English parliament is the motion for sugar products attract a tax to force the prices up of sugar intense foods. This bit of social engineering doesn't seem to have worked here for smoking, people reportedly sacrifice groceries for the ciggies. Would a price increase of 10p stop you buying that bottle of Coke or a block of chocolate? Still if the revenue helps pay for the health costs obesity is weighing the country down with, it could be worth the bureaucratic labyrinth that will no doubt be created.
" There are two primary choices in life: to accept conditions as they exist, or accept the responsibility of changing them." Denis Waitley
To empower our kids to make the second Mr Waitley makes this suggestion.
"The greatest gifts you can give your children are the roots of responsibility and the wings of independence."
G sneaking back to get more samples for the goody bag! |
Handouts along the factory tour. |
Chocolate beanies ready to be 'born'. The rest of the little ride took us past Beanie villages and holiday resorts. |
Life after Life by Kate Atkinson (MBE 2011), Black Swan books 2013 Costa Novel Award winner 2013
WWI is a big chunk of the setting of the novel, in time for its 100yr anniversary. The basic concept is about how you would redo your life if you had the opportunity to go back and remake choices to avoid consequences unseen earlier. Who of us haven't imagined going back to our adolescence knowing what we know now to take bigger risks, more opportunities and to right errors of judgement made through ignorance or insecurity.
"Life After Life is a novel about family life in Britain in the first half of the 20th century. The novel could be just that and would still be what is so banally termed “a good read.” But the book transcends its subject matter to become a treatise on how to be human. Ursula’s goal in repeating key events in her life is not personal happiness but the protection of those she loves. Is this repetition conscious or unconscious? It’s never entirely clear, as scenes from her life repeat and repeat. What is clear is her motivation. Toward the end of the novel, Ursula thinks to herself: “This is love. And the practice of it makes it perfect.” critique by Sarah O'Leary http://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/books-and-media/book-reviews
Heritage English Pudding - Pear Parkin
Ingredients:
· 200g porridge oats
(instant sachets)
· 200g self-raising
flour
· ½ tsp ground ginger
· 2 tsp cinnamon
· ½ tsp allspice
· ¼ tsp salt
· 175g treacle or golden
syrup
· 140g butter
· 140g light
muscovado sugar, plus a bit more
· 4cm fresh ginger root
– peeled & finely chopped.
· 2 large eggs
· 150ml milk
· 4 ripe pears,
peeled, cored and halved (Conference)
· 2T lemon juice
· 25g butter extra
· 2T castor sugar
Method
1. Heat oven to
160C/140C fan/gas 3. Butter a 30 x 20cm baking dish.
2. Melt 25g butter in
small bowl(microwave) add 1cm of the chopped ginger, lemon juice and castor
sugar. Mix and leave to soak. (If
inclined add 4T brandy or sherry to this)
3. Mix the dry
ingredients together. (sift in flour)
4. Melt the treacle,
butter and sugar together.
5. Stir wet into the
dry ingredients with half of the chopped ginger, the egg and enough milk to give
a smooth batter.
- Spoon into the baking dish, then sit the pear
halves in the batter.
- Dot more soaking mix over each pear half.
- Bake for 1 hr until risen all over and a
skewer inserted into the middle of the pudding comes out clean.
- Serve
in rectangles with custard or icecream.